Diabetes

Woman using a blood glucose testing device to check blood sugar at home

A Bi-Directional Relationship: Periodontal Disease and Diabetes

The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is well-established and bidirectional. Individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to infections, including periodontitis, due to impaired immune responses and poor wound healing. Conversely, periodontal disease can worsen glycemic control by increasing systemic inflammation, which may elevate blood glucose levels. The American Dental Association (ADA) acknowledges the link between periodontitis and diabetes, noting that while evidence is inconsistent, it suggests periodontal treatments—such as scaling and root planing—may help improve glycemic control1.

A woman with dry mouth drinking water from a glass

Oral Symptoms as Early Indicators of Uncontrolled Diabetes

Oral manifestations of uncontrolled diabetes can include xerostomia (dry mouth), burning sensation in the mouth (which may be related to neuropathy), impaired/delayed wound healing, increased incidence and severity of infections, secondary infection with candidiasis; parotid salivary gland enlargement; gingivitis and/or periodontitis 2,4. Symptoms such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and xerostomia, often affect the gums and soft tissues, making regular dental visits a critical component of diabetes management 1. The ADA emphasizes that dental professionals recognize these signs and collaborate with primary care providers to support patients with diabetes 2.

A woman in a white shirt sits in a dentist chair while a healthcare professional in scrubs speaks to them

Guiding Patients with Diabetes Toward Better Oral and Overall Health

Some diabetic patients may need additional support to maintain optimal oral health. Ensuring overall health for your patient requires a collaborative, preventive approach. As a dental professional, you play a key role in reinforcing behaviors that help manage both glycemic control and positive oral health outcomes 2.

Man flossing in front of mirror

Encourage your patients to:

  • Brush twice daily for at least two minutes using a soft-bristled toothbrush, ideally in the morning and before bed.
  • Floss and use interdental cleaning tools once daily to disrupt biofilm and reduce interproximal inflammation. Rinse to remove plaque from hard to reach places.
  • Clean dentures or removable prosthetics thoroughly each day to help prevent infections or irritation that can come from dirty dentures.
  • Consult with their primary care provider regarding prescribed medications and use as directed on label.
  • Maintain a balanced diet and engage in regular physical activity and exercise—both of which support systemic and oral health3.
  • Quit tobacco use and redue alcohol consumption and caffeine intake, as there is ample research that both smoking, smokeless tobacco, alcohol, and caffiene significantly increase the risk of periodontal disease and delayed healing.
Woman brushing her teeth in the mirror with icons that show the relationship between oral health and systemic health.

The relationship between oral health and other systemic conditions

Haleon is teaming up with the American Diabetes Association® to explore the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene for those with diabetes.

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Healthcare professional holding an apple while discussing the relevance of oral hygiene to nutrition

Exploring the Connection Between Oral Health and Diabetes

Explore the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene for those with diabetes. Tune in to our new, jointly developed podcasts on this topic and access exclusive downloadable resources for your patients.

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Aerial photo of healthy, low-glycemic foods

Article: Nutritional Counseling for Overall Health: Oral and Glycemic Health

Explore the role of diet and its direct implications in helping overall health, with a focus on oral health and managing diabetes.

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